Cylindrical grinding-machine.



d. H. NORTON. GYLINDRIGAL GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6, 1913.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914- 6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. H'. NORTON.

OYLINDRIOAL GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUN-E a, 1913. 1,119,717. Patented Dec.1,1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WM/W

G. H. NORTON.

GYLINDRIGAL GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6, 1913.

g r Ill/d.

G. H. NORTON.

GYLINDRICAL GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE s, 1913.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

G. H. NORTON,

CYLINDRIGAL GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6, 1913.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

zeta/W UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES H. NORTON, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO NORTONGRINDING COMPANY, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OFMASSACHUSETTS.

CYLINDRIOAL GRINDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

Application filed June 6, 1913. Serial No. 772,055.

- a citizen of the United States, residing at- Worcester, in the countyof Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and usefulCylindrical Grinding-Machine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a machine for grinding surfaces of rotation,especially cylindrical surfaces.

The principal objects of the invention are to provide a machine of thischaracter of a simple construction in comparison with the kind of workthat it accomplishes and capable of being fully controlled andmanipulated by an operator in a comparatively simple way, and alsoself-contained so that no overhead counter shaft is required and it canbe operated conveniently by a motor, or by a belt coming from above orbelow.

An important feature is an improved reversal cushioning device, topermit a very material increase in table speed and rate of production ofwork.

The invention also involves means wherebv although the grinding wheelrotates all the time when the power is on and the table also traversesautomatically, yet the table can be thrown out of operation withoutstopping the grinding wheel or the other parts of the machine in orderthat the table may be operated byhand: means whereby when the tableis"ieversing automatically, the throwing out of the work drive alsostops the table and prevents its being operated by power while the workdrive is inoperative; also means whereby the work drive can be thrown inleaving the table inoperative ex cept by hand, and means whereby thethrowing in of the automatic table reverse will also start the workrevolution; means whereby the automatic reverse also automatically feedsthe wheel up at each end of the reverse; and means whereby this feedalso can be operated by hand.

The invention also involves improvements in combinations of parts anddetails of construction as will appear hereinafter.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1is a front elevation of a machine constructed in accordance with thisinvention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 3 is a sectionalView on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a rear view of the main drivingshaft and connected parts; Fig. 5 is a front view of the wheel feedingand reversing mechanism; Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 66 ofFig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detail of the pawl mechanism; Fi 8 is a side viewpartly in section of the s aft for operating the sliding table andconnected parts Fig. 9 is a front view of part of the reversingmechanism thereof; Fig. 10 is a side view of part of the wheel feed andclutch mechanisms; Fig. 11 is a front view of the table; Fig. 12 is asectional view on the line 12-12 of Fig. 11, the worm wheel beingsectional on the line a2m of Fig. 12*. Fig. 12 is a central verticalsectional view of said worm wheel; Fig. 13 is a plan of the clutchmechanism shown in Fig. 12; and Fig. 14 is a sectional view of a detailthereof on the line 1414 of Fig. 11 showing most of the parts inelevation.

The machine is shown as comprising a main casting or base A on whichoperates a sliding table B mounted in longitudinal ways on the top ofthe base. There is also a wheel slide C operating in transverse waystoward and from the sliding table which is designed to support the work.A pump D is also provided.

The machine receives its power from a main driving belt 8 passing arounda pair of tight and loose pulleys 9 on the main shaft 10. This belt isshifted by a handle 11 and belt shifter 12. On this shaft is a pulley 13which by belt 14 drives a cone pulle 15. This drives a second conepulley 15 on a shaft 16. In line with this shaft 16 are two shafts 17and 18, each independent of the other. By a clutch 19 the shaft 17 canbe connected positively with the shaft 16 to be driven directlytherefrom. or the clutch can be moved to a position in which the powerwill be transmitted from the shaft 16 to the shaft 17 through a set ofgearing 20 of the ordinary back gearing type. The shaft 17, therefore,can be driven from the shaft16 at two different speeds in accordancewith the setting of the clutch 19. The clutch 19 is operated by a lever19.

The shaft 18 can be driven from the shaft 17 in either direction throughan automatic reversing mechanism comprising a clutch 21 and double bevelgearing 22. On the shaft 18 is a worm 23meshing with a worm wheel 24loose ona"transverse shaft 25. Loosely mounted between the shaft andwheel is a bearing member 240 and a clutch member 250. This clutchmember has fixed to it a pair of radial arms 241 extending into andfilling the cross section of a circumferential groove 242 in the bearingmember 240; Extending in from the wheel are similar radial pistons 251.The spaces between the arms and pistons constitute air cushions forrelieving shock on reversal. The rate at which the air escapes onreversal through passages 252 is regulated by screws 253. In this Way Ihave found in practice that remarkably great table speeds can beobtained with a corresponding increase in production of work. On theshaft 25 is fixed a pinion 26 meshing with a rack 27 on the slidingtable B. lt is through this mechanism that the sliding table is operatedback and forth. In order that the table may be fed by hand at the willof the operator a hand wheel 28 is provided. This carries a pinion orgear 29 meshing with a gear 30 loose on the shaft 25 and having clutchteeth 31. A double clutch mechanism 32 operated in one direction by ahandle 33, and in the other by a spring 33 allows the operator to movethe table by hand or by means of the worm 23. A lever 34 having a handleoperates a sliding cam 35 which engages the back of the handle 33.

lVhen the machine is in operation, the handle of the lever 34 can belowered to disengage the double clutch 32 in opposition to the spring 33and stop the table. At the same time the lever 34, through a link 36,disengages a clutch 37 which controls the work drive as will appearhereinafter. The lever 34 is fixed on a rod 340 which has a crank 341 onthe end to which the link 36 is connected.

When the clutch 32 is thrown in, and the sliding table is operated, thehand feed is automatically thrown out. A locking device 38 prevents theclutch 32 being thrown into a position to cause the worm gear 24 tooperate the table when the locking device is back of handle 33.

The clutch 21 is operated by a slide 39. The sliding table B is providedwith the usual dogs B which are designed to engage a reversing lever 40and operate it. The slide 39 is mounted on a fixed rod 41 having adouble collar 42 thereon and a pair of end collars 43 slidably mountedthereon. Springs 44 are mounted between these collars. The ends of theslide 39 have catches 45 adapted to engage pawls or latches 46 pivotedto brackets 48 on the rod 41. These anaemia .47 carried by the reversinglever 40 in a manner similar to that set forth in my application forpatent on the surface grindin machine filed on even date herewith, SeriaNo. 772,054.

The reversing lever is provided with a roller 51 which is designed toengage a projection on a feed lever 52 at the bottom. This leveroperates a bell crank 53 pivoted to swing on a shaft 54, the connectionbetween the lever 52 and the crank 53 is through a screw 55 havingadjusting nuts 56. The screw 55 is guided at one end by a nut 57. Thefeed lever 52 is held up by a spring-pressed buffer 58 which yields toallow the reversinglever -40 to move over the projection thereon whichis located in the path of the roller 51.

The bell crank 53 is provided with two pawls 60 designed to ratchetalong a series of teeth 61 on the edge of a circular plate 62. Thesepawls are so spaced that first one engages a tooth and then the otherengages another tooth. Thus the teeth do not have to be spaced as finelyas they would with a single pawl. These teeth extend throughout a partonly of the circumference of this plate. This plate is fixed to a gear63' loosely mounted to rotate on a bushing 64, which bushing is keyed tothe shaft 54. Also keyed to the shaft 54 is a gear 65 having a long hub.The gear 65 has one more tooth than the gear 63. Adapted to engage bothof these gears is a sliding pinion 66 operated by a handle 67. Thishandle can be pulled out so that the pinions 66 will mesh only with thegear 65 or it can be pushed into the position shown in Fig. 6, in whichit meshes with both gears. A spring pressed pin 68 on a hand wheel 69serves to hold the handle 67 in either of its extreme positions. Thishandle and its gear are also supported by the hand wheel. The plate 62is provided with a spring-pressed lock 70. The hand wheel is providedwith an index plate 71 having notches 72 for receiving the lock so thatthese parts may be locked together. A stop 73 is pivoted at the side.thereof to engage the lock 70 when thrown back and hold the plate 62locked.

The shaft 54 constitutes a wheel feed screw and for that purpose isprovided with screw threads on the end which engage in a nut 75 fixed toa hub 76 secured in a projection on the bottom of the wheel slide C. Aweight 77 supported by a chain 78 at the bottom of this hub and passingover any idler serves normally to hold the wheel slide back. Theinterior of the hub 76 is oiled than?" 3 through a passage 79 having acover 80. A door 81 is provided on the base A. for access to theseparts.

\Vhen it is desired to feed the wheel slide up by hand toward the workwhich is carried by the sliding table B the plate 62 and the index plate71 are locked together by means of the lock and the pawls 60 are thrownup out of the way. When it is desired to feed the wheel plate up veryslowly by hand the plate 62 is locked in stationary position by the stop73 and the handle 67 pushed in then the rotation of the hand wheelcauses the screw 54 to feed up very slowly. When the screw 51 is tobeoperated by power the plates 62 and 71 are also looked together andthen the pawls 60 opcrate the plate 62, one step at each end of thetraverse of the table.

As is well understood the sliding table B carries the work which is tobe fed forward and back and rotated on its own axis. For this purpose itis provided with a head stock 85 and a tail stock 86 similar to those inuse on lathes. Therefore they will not be described in detail. Thistable also is provided with a guiding surface or way 87 for a steadyrest 88 which is provided with a handle 89 for clamping it in anyposition along this guide. This steady rest is shown as having aninclined body parallel with the way or guide on which it is carried, andto this are pivoted parallel links 90 of equal length. These links carrya rigid member 91. On this member is pivoted a lever 93 which has workengaging surfaces 94:. Carried by the member 91 is an inclined screw 95for engaging a rear projection 96 on this lever and adapted to swing thelever about its pivot so as to raise it when the screw is forced in.horizontal screw 97 is mounted on the steady rest proper and engages therear of the member 91 to force it forward with a parallel motion whenthat screw is forced in. This constitutes a convenient way of adjustingthe bearing surfaces of the steady rest either vertically orhorizontally as may be desired.

The work is rotated by means of bevel gears 98 connected with the shaft10, by the clutch 37, and operating a telescopic shaft 99 connected byspiral gears 100 with a shaft 101. From this latter shaft a belt drivesa cone pulley 102 and a belt from this pulley drives a pulley 103 on thework spindle 104:. The shaft 10 is also provided with a pulley 105which, through a belt 106, operates the pump D. This pump is providedwith a hose and a nozzle 108 for discharging the water on the grindingwheel E at the point at which it engages the work. The sliding table isprovided with a flange 109 on the front and another flange 110 on therear forming troughs for receiving the water and directing it backthrough a spout 111 into a tank v11a on the main tasting Af-TThis tankis provided with a discharge spout 1 13 at the bottom and is pivoted'onjthebase A. It has a catch 114 for engaging two teeth 115 for holdingit either in upright or inclined position and when inclined itdischarges through a spout 116 normally located at the top. A handle 117is provided for manipulating it.

For the purpose of rotating the grinding wheel, the shaft 10 is providedwith a pulley 118 wh1ch, through a belt 119 passing over an idler and tihtener 120, operates a shaft 121. On this s aft is a pulley 122 which bybelt 123, kept tight by a tightener 124, operates the grinding wheelshaft 126 on which the grinding wheel E is located. The belt tighteneris kept in position for performing its function by a weight 125.

On account of this construction it will be seen that a single operatorin front of the machine has Within his reach all the levers and handlesby which the different functions of the machine are controlled; that hehas full control of the machine for the purpose of causing the slidingtable to feed forward and back automatically and the grinding wheel tobe fed up automatically at each operation of the table or for thepurpose of performing these functions by hand; and that when the maindriving belt is on the tight pulley the work-table will operate back andforth continuously, the grinding wheel will rotate and be automaticallyfed up, the pump will be operated, and the work drive also operatedcontinuously unless the operator shall desire to perform the first orthir'dof these functions by hand, in which case, he can do this withoutstopping the rest of the machine or shifting the main driving belt backon the loose pulley.

I do not claim herein the mechanism for feeding the grinding wheel slideby itself, nor the foot stock support, nor the steady rest, nor thedriving mechanism by itself, as these constitute the subject matter ofdivisional applications Nos. 852,386; 852,387; 852,388 and 852,389, allfiled on the 22nd day of July, 1914. v

Although I have illustrated and described only a single embodiment ofthe invention, I am aware of the fact that modifications can be madetherein by any person skilled in the art without departing from thescope of the invention as expressed in the claims. Therefore I do notwish to be limited in these respects, but

What I do claim is 1. In a grinding machine, the combina tion with areciprocable work table, of operating means comprising a gear, means forrotating and reversing the gear, a shaft extending through the gear andconnected with the table, and pneumatic means for cushioning thereversal and bringing the ice table to a gentle stop at each end ofitstravel. k

2. In a grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocating work table,means for operating the table comprising a gear, a shaft therefor, saidgear and shaft having an inclosed circular groove between them, radialprojections extending across, and fitting in, said groove from the wheeland from the shaft and spaced apart to provide air cushions, and meansfor reversing the rotation of the gear.

3. In a grinding machine, the combination with a reciprocable worktable, of operating means comprising a hollow gear, means for rotatingand reversing the gear, a shaft extending through the gear and connectedwith the table, a loose clutch memher, a bearing member within the gearhaving a circumferential groove provided with a regulatable air escapepassage, a radial arm on the clutch member fitting said groove, and aradial piston on the gear also fitting thegroove, said arm and pistonbeing located on opposite sides of said air escape passage forcushioning the gear upon each reversal.

4. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination with a powershaft, of a reciprocable work table, operating means therefor, automaticreversing means, means for driving the work, means for throwing out thework drive, and means whereby when the table is reversing automaticallythe throwing out of the work drive will stop the table independently ofthe power shaft.

5. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination with areciprocable work table, of operating means therefor, automaticreversing means, means for driving the work, means for throwing out thework drive, means whereby when the table is reversing automatically thethrowing out of the work drive will stop the table, and means wherebythe work drive can be thrown in and rotated and the table therebyrendered inoperative except by hand.

6. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination with areciprocable work table, of operating means therefor, automaticreversing means, means for driving the work, means for throwing out thework drive, means whereby when the table is reversing automatically thethrowing out of the work drive will stop the table, means whereby thework drive can be thrown in and rotated and the table left inoperativeexcept by hand, and means whereby the throwing in of the automatic tablereverse will ,also start the work drive.

7. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination with a powershaft, of a reciprocable work table, operating means therefor, automaticreversing means, means for driving the work, means for throwing out,

i iom-r the work drive, and means whereby the throwing in of theautomatic table reverse independently of the power shaft will also startthe work driving means.

8. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocabletable for supporting the work, a reversing mechanism for controlling thereciprocation of the table, a wheel slide movable toward and from thepath of the table, an operating means for rotating the work and saidreversing mechanism, means for rotating the grinding wheel, means forreciprocating the table, means whereby the table can be disconnectedfrom said operating means and operated by hand while the grinding wheelcontinues to rotate, means whereby when the work rotating means isdisconnected from said operating means the reciprocation of the table bysaid operating means will also be stopped.

9. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocatingtable, a power shaft, means connected with the power shaft for operatingthe table, a reversing mechanism for controlling the reciprocation ofthe table, means on the table for supporting the work, means connectedwith said shaft for rotating the work, means for simultaneouslydisconnecting the work rotating means and the table from said shaft, andmeans whereby the table can be operated by hand or by power at the willof the operator when the work rotating means is operatively connectedwith said shaft.

10. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a slidingtable, a shaft, a gear for driving the table, a clutch arranged toconnect said gear positively with the shaft at the will of the operator,a bandle for operating said clutch, means mounted on said table forsupporting the work to be operated upon, means for rotating said work bypower, means for disconnecting the rotating means from the power, and alever for controlling said disconnected means,

said lever being provided with means for engaging said handle and movingthe handle to a position for holding said clutch in neutral positionwhen the lever is in position for disengaging the work rotating meansfrom its source of power.

11. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a slidingtable, means for driving said table, a handle for connecting said tableto be operated by power, means on said table for supporting the work tobe operated upon, a power shaft for rotating the work, a clutch fordisconnecting the rotating means from the power shaft, a lever foroperating the clutch, and means connected with said lever and operatedthereby for moving said handle into neutral position when the lever ismoved into a position to disengage its clutch.

12. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the

combination of a sliding table having a rack,

a shaft under said table having a pinion thereon meshing with the rack,a gear loosely mounted on said shaft for driving it by power, a secondgear loosely mounted on said shaft, means connected with the second gearfor driving the shaft by'hand, a-

the combination of a sliding table havinga rack, a shaft under saidtable having pinion thereon meshing with the rack, a gear looselymounted on said shaft for drivingv it by power, a second gear looselymounted on said shaft, means connected with the second gear for drivingthe shaft by hand,

a clutch arranged to connect either or neither of said gears positivelywith the shaft at the will of theoperator, a handle for operating saidclutch, means mounted on said table for'supporting the work to beoperated upon, means for rotating said work by power, means fordisconnecting the rotating means from the power, and a lever forcontrolling said disconnected means, said lever being provided withmeans for engaging said handle and mov ing the handle to a position forholding said clutch in neutral position when the lever is in positionfor disengaging the work rotating means from its source of power.

14. In a cylindrical grinding 'machine,

the combination of a sliding table, means for driving said table bypower, means for driving the table by hand, a handle for connecting saidtable to be operated by hand or power, means on said table forsupporting the work to be operated upon, a power shaft for rotating thework, a clutch for disconnecting the rotating means from the powershaft, a lever for operating the clutch, and a cam connected with saidlever and operated thereby for moving said handle into neutral positionwhen the lever is moved into a position to disengage its clutch.

15. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the

combination of a sliding table, means forfor operating the clutch, a camconnected -.with.sa1d lever and operated thereby for moving said handleinto neutral position when the lever is moved into-a position todisengage its clutch, and a lockfor engaging said handle and preventingits being moved into a position to connect the table withthepower. v

" 16. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a slidingtable, means for driving the table by power, means for driving the tableby hand, a clutch arranged to connect the table either with the power orhand drive at the will of the operator, a handle for operating saidclutch, and a lockfor engaging said handle and preventing the table withthe power.- 1

17. In a cylindrical grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocabletable for supporting the work, a wheel slide movable toward and from thepath of the table, means on the wheel slide for supporting a grindingwheel, a power shaft, means operated by said shaft for rotating thegrinding wheel, means operated by said shaft for reits being moved intoa position to connect ciprocating the table, means whereby the table canbe disconnected from said shaft and operated by hand while the shaft isconnected with the grinding wheel, a reversing device for operating thetable alternately in opposite directions, and a feeding device for saidwheel slide connected with and operated by said reversing device.

18. In a grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocating table forsupporting the Work, a reversing mechanism for controlling thereciprocation of the table automatically, a wheel slide movable towardand from the path of the table, means on the wheel'slide for supportinga grinding wheel, a power shaft, means operated by said shaft forrotating the-grindingwheel, means operated by said shaft forreciprocating the table, means whereby the table can be disconnectedfrom the operating means therefor and operated by hand while the shaftis connected with the grinding wheel, and a feeding device for saidwheel slide connected with and operated by said reversing mechanism,said feeding device comprising a feed lever having a portion thereoflocated in the path of a movable part of the reversing mechanism, meansfor yieldingly holding said lever in position to engage said movablepart of the reversing mechanism, and a pawl and ratchet mechanismconnected with said lever.

19. In a grinding machine, the combination of a reciprocating table f orsupporting the work, a reversing mechanism for con"- trolling thereciprocation of the table, a

a mmemm lever having a portion thereof-lacunae? in .In testimony wherofI have hereunto set -the path of a movable part; ofthe reversing myhand, in the presence of two subscrih- 1 mechanism, means for yieldinglyholding iIng witnesses. Y

said lever impositioxreto engage said movable part of the reversingmechanism, and. I e I CHALES a pawl and ratchet mechanism adjustablyWitnesses-r connected with said lever and connected FREDK G'BUTTERF,

with the wheel slide for operating it. J. HERBERT JOHNSON.

